Nitrogen yemvura: Gasi reNitrogen riri mumvura. Risina ruvara, harinhuwi, haripisi, haribati, haritsvi, uye rinopisa zvakanyanya. Nitrogen ndiyo inonyanya kuumba mhepo (78.03% nehuremu uye 75.5% nehuremu). Nitrogen haishande uye haitsigire kutsva. Frostbite inokonzerwa nekubatana kwakanyanya kwe endothermic panguva yekupiswa kwemhepo.
Nitrogen yemvura inzvimbo inotonhorera iri nyore kushandisa. Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakasiyana, nitrogen yemvura yave ichinyanya kutariswa uye kuzivikanwa nevanhu. Yave ichinyanya kushandiswa mukurima mhuka, indasitiri yekurapa, indasitiri yezvekudya, uye minda yekutsvagisa ine cryogenic. Mumagetsi, simbi, ndege, kugadzira michina nezvimwe zvinhu zvekushandisa, yave ichikura uye ichikura.
Cryogenic superconducting
Hunhu hwakasiyana hweSuperconductor, zvekuti inogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana. Superconductor inowanikwa nekushandisa liquid nitrogen panzvimbo peliquid helium se superconducting refrigerant, iyo inovhura kushandiswa kwetekinoroji ye superconducting mumhando dzakasiyana uye inoonekwa seimwe yezvigadzirwa zvikuru zvesainzi muzana remakore rechi20.
Unyanzvi hwe superconducting magnetic levitation i superconducting ceramic YBCO, kana superconducting material yakatonhodzwa kusvika pakupisa kwe liquid nitrogen (78K, proportional to -196~C), kubva pakuchinja kwakajairika kuenda ku superconducting state. Simba remagineti rinogadzirwa ne shielded current rinosundira simba remagineti renzira, uye kana simba racho rakakura kupfuura huremu hwechitima, mota inogona kusungirirwa. Panguva imwe chete, chikamu chesimba remagineti chinobatwa mu superconductor nekuda kwe magnetic flux pinning effect panguva yekutonhodza. Simba remagineti iri rinokwezvwa nesimba remagineti renzira, uye nekuda kwekudzora nekukwezvwa, mota inoramba yakamiswa pamusoro penzira. Kusiyana nemhedzisiro yakajairika yekudzora kwebonde rimwe chete nekukwezvwa kwebonde rakasiyana pakati pemagineti, kusangana pakati pe superconductor ne external magnetic field zvese zvinosundirana uye zvinokwezvwa, kuitira kuti superconductor ne eternal magnet zvigone kuramba simba razvo rekukwezvwa uye kumisa kana kurembera pasi peumwe neumwe.
Kugadzira nekuyedza zvikamu zvemagetsi
Kuongorora kushushikana kwezvakatipoteredza kunoreva kusarudza huwandu hwezvinhu zvemamiriro ekunze, kushandisa huwandu hwakakodzera hwekushushikana kwezvakatipoteredza kuzvikamu kana muchina wese, uye kukonzera zvikanganiso zvemaitiro ezvikamu, ndiko kuti, zvikanganiso mukugadzirwa nekuisa, uye kupa kugadziriswa kana kutsiva. Kuongorora kushushikana kwezvakatipoteredza kunobatsira kugamuchira kutenderera kwekupisa uye kuzununguka kwega kwega. Kuedza kutenderera kwekupisa kunogamuchira kushanduka kwekupisa kwakanyanya, kushushikana kukuru kwekupisa, kuitira kuti zvikamu zvezvinhu zvakasiyana, nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwemajoini, kusawirirana kwezvinhu, zvikanganiso mukuita kunokonzerwa nematambudziko akavanzika uye kutadza kushanda, zvigamuchire kushanduka kwekupisa kwe5℃/min. Tembiricha yemuganhu ndeye -40℃, +60℃. Huwandu hwemasekitori i8. Musanganiswa wakadaro wezviyero zvezvakatipoteredza zvinoita kuti welding chaiyo, zvikamu zvekucheka, zvikamu zvezvikanganiso zvavo zvionekwe zviri pachena. Kune bvunzo dzehuremu hwemasekitori, tinogona kufunga nezvekugamuchirwa kwenzira yemabhokisi maviri. Munzvimbo iyi, kuongorora kunofanirwa kuitwa padanho.
Nitrojeni yemvura inzira inokurumidza uye inobatsira yekudzivirira nekuyedza zvikamu zvemagetsi nemabhodhi edunhu.
Unyanzvi hwekugaya bhora reCryogenic
Cryogenic planetary ball mill igesi renitrogen rinopinda muplanetary ball mill rine chifukidziro chekuchengetedza kupisa, mhepo inotonhora inotenderera nekukurumidza kwekupisa kunogadzirwa netangi rekukuya bhora panguva chaiyo, kuitira kuti tangi rekukuya bhora rive nezvinhu, bhora rekukuya rigare riri munzvimbo yakati cryogenic. Munzvimbo ine cryogenic kusanganisa, kukuya zvakanaka, kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvitsva uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro. Chigadzirwa chacho chidiki, chinoshanda zvizere, chinotevedzera mitemo yakawanda, chine ruzha rwakaderera, chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukurapa, indasitiri yemakemikari, kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, indasitiri yechiedza, zvinhu zvekuvaka, simbi, zvedongo, zvicherwa nezvimwe zvikamu.
Unyanzvi hwekugadzira michina yegirini
Kucheka kweCryogenic kunoshandiswa kwemvura inoyerera yakaita senitrogen yemvura, kabhoni dhayidhiyamu yemvura uye kupfapfaidza mhepo inotonhorera kunzvimbo yekucheka, zvichikonzera kuti nzvimbo yekucheka ive necryogenic kana ultra-cryogenic state, uchishandisa cryogenic brittleness ye workpiece pasi pemamiriro ecryogenic, kuvandudza mashandiro ekucheka kwe workpiece, hupenyu hwezvishandiso uye mhando ye workpiece. Zvichienderana nemusiyano wenzvimbo inotonhorera, kucheka kwecryogenic kunogona kukamurwa kuita kutonhora kwemhepo uye kutonhora kwemvura nenitrogen. Nzira yekucheka kweCryogenic inotonhorera ndeyekupfapfaidza -20℃ ~ -30℃ (kana kutodzikira) cryogenic airflow kuenda kuchikamu chekugadzirisa che tool tip, uye kusanganiswa ne trace plant lubricant (10~20m 1 paawa), kuitira kuti iite basa rekutonhodza, kubvisa chips, kukwiza. Zvichienzaniswa nekucheka kwechinyakare, cryogenic cooling cutting inogona kuvandudza kuenderana kweprocessing, kuvandudza workpiece surface quality, uye kusasvibisa nharaunda. Nzvimbo yekugadzirisa yeJapan Yasuda Industry Company inogamuchira kurongeka kwemugero wemhepo weadiabatic wakaiswa pakati pemugero wemota neshaft yekucheka, uye inotungamira zvakananga kubanga uchishandisa mhepo inotonhorera ye -30℃. Kurongeka uku kunovandudza zvikuru mamiriro ekucheka uye kunobatsira pakushandisa tekinoroji yekucheka mhepo inotonhora. Kazuhiko Yokokawa akaita tsvakiridzo pamusoro pekutonhorera kwemhepo inotonhorera mukutenderedza nekugaya. Mukuyedza kwekugaya, mvura yekucheka yemvura, mhepo inodziya (+10℃) uye mhepo inotonhorera (-30℃) zvakashandiswa kuenzanisa simba. Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti kugara kwenguva refu kwemudziyo kwakavandudzika zvakanyanya paishandiswa mhepo inotonhorera. Mukuyedza kwekushandura, mwero wekupfeka kwemudziyo unotonhorera (-20℃) wakaderera zvakanyanya pane wemhepo yakajairika (+20℃).
Kucheka kwemvura inotonhodza nitrogen kune mabasa maviri akakosha. Imwe ndeyekushandisa kumanikidzwa kwebhodhoro kupfapfaidza nitrogen yemvura zvakananga munzvimbo yekucheka senge mvura yekucheka. Imwe ndeyekutonhodza chishandiso kana workpiece nenzira isina kunanga uchishandisa evaporation cycle ye liquid nitrogen iri pakupisa. Iye zvino cryogenic cutting yakakosha mukugadzirisa titanium alloy, high manganese steel, hardended steel nezvimwe zvinhu zvakaoma kugadzirisa. KPRaijurkar yakashandisa H13A carbide tool uye yakashandisa liquid nitrogen cycle cooling tool kuita cryogenic cutting experiments pa titanium alloy. Mhedzisiro yebvunzo yakaratidza kuti zvichienzaniswa nenzira dzekucheka dzechinyakare, kupfeka kwemidziyo kwakabviswa pachena, tembiricha yekucheka yakaderedzwa ne30%, uye workpiece surface machining quality yakavandudzika zvikuru. Wan Guangmin yakashandisa indirect cooling method kuti iite cryogenic cutting experiments pa high manganese steel, uye mhedzisiro yacho inotaurwa. Pakushandisa indirect cooling method kuti igadzire high manganese steel pa cryogenic, simba rematurusi rinobviswa, tool cloth inoderedzwa, zviratidzo zvekuomesa basa zvinovandudzwa, uye surface quality ye workpiece inovandudzwawo. Wang Lianpeng et al. vakatora nzira yekupfapfaidza nitrogen yemvura mumashini yesimbi yakadzima 45 pamidziyo yemuchina yeCNC, uye vakataura nezvemhedzisiro yebvunzo. Kugara kwenguva refu kwechishandiso uye kunaka kwenzvimbo yebasa zvinogona kuvandudzwa nekushandisa nzira yekupfapfaidza nitrogen yemvura mumashini yesimbi yakadzima 45 pakupisa kwakaderera.
Mumamiriro ekutonhodza kwemvura nenitrogen, zvinhu zvecarbide zvinobatanidza simba rekukotama, kuomarara kwekutyoka uye kuramba kwengura, simba, kuomarara kunowedzera nekupisa kwakaderera uye nekudaro zvinhu zvekucheka zvecarbide zvakasimwa mu liquid nitrogen cooling zvinogona kubatanidza kugona kwakanaka kwekucheka, senge patembiricha yemukamuri, uye mashandiro azvo anotsanangurwa nehuwandu hwechikamu chekusunga. Kune simbi inomhanya zvakanyanya, ne cryogenic, kuomarara kunowedzera uye simba rekurova rakaderera, asi zvese zvinogona kubatanidza kugona kuri nani kwekucheka. Iye pane zvimwe zvinhu mukuvandudzwa kwe cryogenic kwekucheka kwayo machinability akaita chidzidzo, kusarudzwa kwe low carbon steel AISl010, high carbon steel AISl070, bearing steel AISIE52100, titanium alloy Ti-6A 1-4V, cast aluminum alloy A390 zvinhu zvishanu, kushandiswa kwekutsvaga nekuongorora: Nekuda kwe brittleness yakanaka pa cryogenic, mhedzisiro yekugadzirwa inodiwa inogona kuwanikwa ne cryogenic cutting. Kune simbi ine kabhoni yakawanda ne bearing steel, kukwira kwekushisa munzvimbo yekucheka uye mwero wekupfeka kwemidziyo kunogona kudziviswa nekutonhodza kwe liquid nitrogen. Muchigadzirwa chearuminiyamu chinogadzirwa nekucheka, kushandiswa kwekutonhodza kwecryogenic kunogona kuvandudza kuomarara kwechishandiso uye kuramba kwezvishandiso kusimba kwesilicon phase abrasive wear, mukugadzirisa titanium alloy, panguva imwe chete chinoshandiswa kutonhodza checryogenic nechishandiso chebasa, tembiricha yekucheka yakaderera uye kubvisa hukama hwemakemikari pakati petitanium nezvinhu zvechishandiso.
Mamwe mashandisirwo enitrogen yemvura
Satellite yeJiuquan yakatumira nzvimbo yepakati pemafuta kuti igadzire nitrogen yemvura, inoburitsa mafuta eroketi, ayo anosundirwa mukamuri rinopisa kana paine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya.
Tambo yemagetsi inopinza kupisa kwakanyanya. Inoshandiswa kuomesa pombi yemvura panguva yekugadzirisa nekukurumidza. Inoshandiswa pakudzikamisa cryogenic uye kudzimwa kwezvinhu. Unyanzvi hwekushandisa nitrogen yemvura (kuwedzera kwekupisa uye zviratidzo zvekudzikama kwechando muindasitiri) hunoshandiswawo zvakanyanya. Unyanzvi hwekudyara nitrogen yemvura. Unyanzvi hwemvura yemvura yemvura yemvura ye "real-time liquid drop jet", inoramba ichitsvagurudza zvakadzama. Shandisa nitrogen pasi pevhu kudzima moto, moto unokurumidza kuparadzwa, uye kubvisa kukuvara kwekuputika kwegasi. Sei uchifanira kusarudza nitrogen yemvura: Nekuti inotonhora nekukurumidza kupfuura dzimwe nzira, uye haishande nemakemikari nezvimwe zvinhu, inodzvinyirira nzvimbo zvakanyanya uye inopa mhepo yakaoma, ine hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza (nitrogen yemvura inoshanduka zvakananga mumhepo mushure mekushandisa, isina kusiya kusvibiswa), iri nyore uye iri nyore kushandisa.
Midziyo yeHL Cryogenic
Midziyo yeHL Cryogeniciyo yakavambwa muna 1992 ikambani yakabatana neKambani yeHL Cryogenic Equipment Cryogenic Equipment Co., LtdHL Cryogenic Equipment yakazvipira kugadzira nekugadzira High Vacuum Insulated Cryogenic Piping System pamwe nemidziyo yekutsigira yakabatana nayo kuti isangane nezvinodiwa nevatengi. Mapaipi eVacuum Insulated neFlexible Hose zvakagadzirwa muvacuum yakakwira uye ine machira akawanda-layer multi-screen, uye inopfuura nepakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzekurapa kwakasimba uye vacuum treatment yakakwira, iyo inoshandiswa kutamisa okisijeni yemvura, nitrogen yemvura, argon yemvura, hydrogen yemvura, helium yemvura, liquefied ethylene gas LEG uye liquefied nature gas LNG.
Zvigadzirwa zvePhase Separator, Vacuum Pipe, Vacuum Hose uye Vacuum Valve muHL Cryogenic Equipment Company, zvakapfuura nepakati pematanho ekurapa kwakasimba kwazvo, zvinoshandiswa pakufambisa okisijeni yemvura, nitrogen yemvura, argon yemvura, hydrogen yemvura, helium yemvura, LEG neLNG, uye zvigadzirwa izvi zvinoshandiswa pakushandisa michina ye cryogenic (semuenzaniso cryogenic storage tank, dewar ne coldbox nezvimwewo) mumaindasitiri ekuparadzanisa mhepo, magasi, ndege, zvemagetsi, superconductor, machipisi, pharmacy, biobank, food & beverage, automation assembly, chemical engineering, iron & steel, rabha, kugadzira zvinhu zvitsva uye scientific research nezvimwewo.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-24-2021
