Helium chinhu chemakemikari chine chiratidzo He uye nhamba yeatomu 2. Igasi remuchadenga risingawanzoitiki, risina ruvara, risina kunaka, risingaravi, risina chepfu, risingabatiki, rinongonyungudika zvishoma mumvura. Helium concentration mumhepo ndeye 5.24 x 10-4 nehuwandu hwehuwandu. Iine nzvimbo dzakaderera dzekubikira nekunyungudika chero chinhu, uye inongowanikwa segasi, kunze kwekutonhora kwakanyanya.

Helium inonyanya kutakurwa segasi kana mvura helium uye inoshandiswa mumagetsi enyukireya, semiconductors, lasers, magirobhu emwenje, superconductivity, instrumentation, semiconductors uye fiber optics, cryogenic, MRI uye R&D laboratory research.

The Low Temperature Cold Source

Helium inoshandiswa se cryogenic coolant ye cryogenic cooling sources, Senge magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, superconducting quantum particle accelerator, hombe hadron collider, interferometer (SQUID), electron spin resonance (ESR) uye superconducting magineti ekuchengetedza simba (SMES), MHD superconducting jenareta, superconducting sensor, simba rekufambisa, maglev yekufambisa, mass spectrometer, superconducting magineti, yakasimba magineti separators, annular field superconducting magineti efusion reactor uye imwe cryogenic research. Helium inotonhodza cryogenic superconducting zvinhu uye magineti kusvika padhuze zero, panguva iyo kuramba kweiyo superconductor kunongoerekana kwadonha kusvika zero. Iyo yakanyanya kuderera kushorwa kweiyo superconductor inogadzira ine simba remagineti. Panyaya yemidziyo yeMRI inoshandiswa muzvipatara, simba remagineti rakasimba rinoburitsa zvakawanda mumifananidzo yeradiographic.

Helium inoshandiswa sechinhu chinotonhodza zvikuru nekuti helium ine nzvimbo yakadzikira yekunyungudika nekubikira, haigadzike pamhepo yemuchadenga uye 0 K, uye helium iine makemikari inert, zvichiita kuti zvisaite kupindirana nezvimwe zvinhu. Mukuwedzera, helium inova yakanyanyisa pasi pe2.2 Kelvin. Kusvika ikozvino, iyo yakasarudzika yekupedzisira-kufamba haina kushandiswa mune chero maindasitiri application. Pakupisa kuri pasi pe17 Kelvin, hapana chinotsiva helium sefiriji mune cryogenic sosi.

Aeronautics uye Astronautics

Helium inoshandiswawo mumabharuni uye mundege. Nekuti helium yakareruka kupfuura mweya, zvikepe zvendege nemabharumu zvinozadzwa nehelium. Helium ine mukana wekuti isingabatike, kunyangwe hydrogen ichinyanya kufefetera uye ine mwero wakaderera wekupukunyuka kubva mu membrane. Kumwe kushandiswa kwechipiri kuri mune rocket tekinoroji, uko helium inoshandiswa senzira yekurasikirwa kudzinga mafuta uye oxidizer mumatangi ekuchengetera uye condense hydrogen neokisijeni kugadzira mafuta eroketi. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kubvisa mafuta uye oxidizer kubva mumidziyo yekutsigira pasi isati yatangwa, uye inogona kufanotonhorera mvura yehydrogen muspacecraft. MuRocket yeSaturn V yakashandiswa muchirongwa cheApollo, ingangoita 370,000 cubic metres (13 million cubic feet) yehelium yaidiwa kuti itange.

Pipeline Leak Detection uye Detection Analysis

Kumwe kushandiswa kwemaindasitiri kwehelium kuona kuvuza. Kubuda kwemvura kunoshandiswa kuona kubuda mumasisitimu ane zvinwiwa nemagasi. Nekuti helium inopararira neyakaoma katatu kupfuura mweya, inoshandiswa setracer gasi kuona kubuda mumidziyo yevacuum yakakwira (yakadai se cryogenic tanks) uye midziyo yekudzvanya. Chinhu chacho chinoiswa mukamuri, iyo inobva yabviswa uye inozadzwa nehelium. Kunyangwe pakuvuza kwemazinga akaderera se10-9 mbar•L/s (10-10 Pa•m3 / s), helium ichibuda nepainobuda inogona kuonekwa nemudziyo unonzwisa tsitsi (helium mass spectrometer). Maitiro ekuyera anowanzo itwa otomatiki uye anonzi helium yekubatanidza bvunzo. Imwe nzira, iri nyore ndeyekuzadza chinhu chiri mubvunzo nehelium uye nemaoko kutsvaga painobuda uchishandisa mudziyo unobata ruoko.

Helium inoshandiswa pakuona panobuda mvura nekuti imorekuru diki uye imorekuru remonatomic, saka helium inobvinza nyore. Helium gasi rinozadzwa muchinhu panguva yekuona kuvuza, uye kana pakadonha, helium mass spectrometer inozokwanisa kuona nzvimbo yabuda. Helium inogona kushandiswa kuona kuvuza mumaroketi, matangi emafuta, zvinochinjisa kupisa, mitsara yegesi, zvemagetsi, TELEVISION machubhu uye zvimwe zvinhu zvekugadzira. Kuona kuvuza uchishandisa helium kwakatanga kushandiswa panguva yeManhattan project kuona kuvuza pazvidyarwa zvinopfumisa uranium. Helium yekuona kuvuza inogona kutsiviwa nehydrogen, nitrogen, kana musanganiswa wehydrogen nenitrogen.

Welding uye Metal Kushanda

Helium gasi rinoshandiswa segasi rinodzivirira muarc welding uye plasma arc welding nekuda kweiyo yakakwira ionization simba rinokwanisa kupfuura mamwe maatomu. Helium gasi rakatenderedza weld inodzivirira simbi kubva mukunyunguduka. Iyo yakakwira ionization inogona simba rehelium inobvumira plasma arc welding yeakasiyana masimbi anoshandiswa mukuvaka, kuvaka ngarava, uye aerospace, senge titanium, zirconium, magnesium, uye aruminiyamu alloys. Kunyange zvazvo helium iri mukudzivirira gasi inogona kutsiviwa ne argon kana hydrogen, zvimwe zvinhu (zvakadai setitanium helium) hazvigoni kutsiviwa neplasma arc welding. Nekuti helium ndiyo yega gasi yakachengeteka pakupisa kwakanyanya.

Imwe yenzvimbo dzinonyanya kushanda dzebudiriro isimbi isina simbi welding. Helium igasi inert, zvinoreva kuti haiite chero makemikari ekuita kana yaiswa kune zvimwe zvinhu. Hunhu uhu hunonyanya kukosha mukushivirira magasi ekudzivirira.

Helium inoitawo kupisa zvakanaka. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei inowanzoshandiswa mune welds umo kupisa kwepamusoro kunodiwa kuti uvandudze kunyorova kweweld. Helium inobatsirawo pakumhanyisa.

Helium inowanzosanganiswa neargon muhuwandu hwakasiyana-siyana mumusanganiswa wekudzivirira gasi kutora mukana wakakwana wezvakanaka zvemagasi maviri. Helium, semuenzaniso, inoshanda segasi rinodzivirira kubatsira kupa yakafara uye isina kudzika nzira dzekupinda panguva yekushongedza. Asi helium haipe kucheneswa kunoitwa neargon.

Somugumisiro, vagadziri vesimbi vanowanzofunga kusanganisa argon nehelium sechikamu chekushanda kwavo. Kune gasi yakadzivirirwa simbi arc welding, helium inogona kuumba 25% kusvika 75% yemusanganiswa wegasi mumusanganiswa wehelium/argon. Nekugadzirisa kuumbwa kwechidziviriro chegasi musanganiswa, welder inogona kukanganisa kugoverwa kwekupisa kweweld, iyo inokanganisa chimiro chechikamu chemuchinjikwa we weld metal uye welding speed.

Electronic Semiconductor Indasitiri

Segasi inert, helium yakatsiga zvekuti haitombopindirana nezvimwe zvinhu. Ichi chivakwa chinoita kuti chishandiswe senhoo mu arc welding (kudzivirira kusvibiswa kweokisijeni mumhepo). Helium inewo zvimwe zvakakosha zvinoshandiswa, semiconductors uye optical fiber kugadzira. Mukuwedzera, inogona kutsiva nitrogen mukunyura kwakadzika kudzivirira kuumbwa kwenitrogen mabhubhu muropa, nokudaro kudzivirira kurwara kwekunyura.

Global Helium Sales Volume (2016-2027)

Musika wepasi rose wehelium wakasvika kwatiri $1825.37 miriyoni muna 2020 uye unotarisirwa kusvika US $2742.04 miriyoni muna 2027, nechikamu chekukura kwegore (CAGR) che5.65% (2021-2027). Iyo indasitiri ine kusavimbika kukuru mumakore anotevera. Iyo data yekufanotaura kwe2021-2027 mubepa rino yakavakirwa pakuvandudzwa kwenhoroondo yemakore mashoma apfuura, maonero enyanzvi dzeindasitiri uye pfungwa dzevanoongorora mubepa rino.

Indasitiri yehelium yakanyanyisa, inotorwa kubva kune zviwanikwa, uye ine vashoma vanogadzira pasi rose, kunyanya muUnited States, Russia, Qatar neAlgeria. Munyika, chikamu chevatengi chakanyanya kuUnited States, China, uye Europe uye zvichingodaro. United States ine nhoroondo refu uye isingazununguki chinzvimbo muindasitiri iyi.

Makambani mazhinji ane mafekitori akati wandei, asi kazhinji haasi padyo nemisika yavo yevatengi. Nokudaro, chigadzirwa chacho chine mari yakakwirira yekufambisa.

Kubva pamakore mashanu ekutanga, kugadzirwa kwakakura zvishoma nezvishoma. Helium isimba risingadzokerikezve, uye mitemo iripo mukugadzira nyika kuti ive nechokwadi chekushandisa kwayo. Vamwe vanofanotaura kuti helium ichapera mune ramangwana.

Indasitiri iyi ine chikamu chepamusoro chekutengesa kunze uye kunze kwenyika. Dzinenge nyika dzese dzinoshandisa helium, asi vashoma chete vane helium reserves.

Helium ine huwandu hwakasiyana hwekushandisa uye ichave ichiwanikwa mune yakawanda uye yakawanda minda. Tichifunga nezvekushaikwa kwezvinhu zvakasikwa, kudiwa kwehelium kungangowedzera mune ramangwana, zvinoda dzimwe nzira dzakakodzera. Mitengo yeHelium inotarisirwa kuramba ichikwira kubva muna 2021 kusvika 2026, kubva pamadhora gumi nematanhatu / m3 (2020) kuenda kumadhora 19.09 / m3 (2027).

Iyo indasitiri inobatwa nehupfumi uye mutemo. Sezvo hupfumi hwepasi rose huri kupora, vanhu vazhinji vari kunetseka nezve kuvandudza mwero wezvakatipoteredza, kunyanya munzvimbo dzisina budiriro ine vanhu vakawanda uye nekukurumidza kukura kwehupfumi, kudiwa kwehelium kuchawedzera.

Parizvino, vagadziri vakuru vepasi rose vanosanganisira Rasgas, Linde Group, Air Chemical, ExxonMobil, Air Liquide (Dz) uye Gazprom (Ru), nezvimwewo. Muna 2020, chikamu chekutengesa cheVagadziri vePamusoro 6 chichapfuura 74%. Zvinotarisirwa kuti makwikwi ari muindasitiri achanyanya kusimba mumakore mashoma anotevera.

HL Cryogenic Equipment

Nekuda kwekushomeka kwemvura helium zviwanikwa uye kukwira kwemutengo, zvakakosha kudzikisa kurasikirwa uye kudzoreredza kwemvura helium mukushandiswa kwayo uye nzira yekufambisa.

HL Cryogenic Equipment iyo yakavambwa muna 1992 imhando yakabatana neHL Cryogenic Equipment Company Cryogenic Equipment Co., Ltd. HL Cryogenic Equipment yakazvipira dhizaini nekugadzira iyo Yepamusoro Vacuum Insulated Cryogenic Piping System uye inoenderana Nekutsigira Equipment kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvevatengi. Iyo Vacuum Insulated Pipe uye Flexible Hose inovakwa mune yakakwira vacuum uye yakawanda-layer-yakawanda-skirini yakakosha insulated zvinhu, uye inopfuura nepakati peyakatevedzana yakanyanya kuomarara tekinoroji kurapwa uye yakakwirira vacuum kurapwa, iyo inoshandiswa kuendesa yemvura okisijeni, mvura nitrogen. , liquid argon, liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, liquefied ethylene gasi LEG uye liquefied nature gasi LNG.

Iyo yechigadzirwa yakatevedzana yeVacuum Jacketed Pipe, Vacuum Jacketed Hose, Vacuum Jacketed Valve, uye Phase Separator muHL Cryogenic Equipment Company, iyo yakapfuura nepakati peakanyanya kuomesesa marapirwo ehunyanzvi, anoshandiswa kuendesa okisijeni yemvura, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, LEG uye LNG, uye zvigadzirwa izvi zvinoitirwa cryogenic midziyo (eg cryogenic matangi, dewars uye coldboxes nezvimwewo) mumaindasitiri ekuparadzanisa mweya, magasi, ndege, zvemagetsi, superconductor, machipisi, otomatiki musangano, chikafu & chinwiwa, pharmacy, chipatara, biobank, rabha, zvinhu zvitsva zvekugadzira makemikari engineering, iron & simbi, uye tsvagiridzo yesainzi nezvimwe.

HL Cryogenic Equipment Kambani yave mutengesi / mutengesi akakodzera weLinde, Mhepo Liquide, Mhepo Zvigadzirwa (AP), Praxair, Messer, BOC, Iwatani, uye Hangzhou Oxygen Plant Group (Hangyang) nezvimwe.