Nhanganyaya

Zvinwiwa zvinopisa zvakaita se liquid nitrogen (LN₂), liquid oxygen (LOX), liquid argon (LAr), liquefied natural gas (LNG), uye liquid hydrogen (LH₂) zvine basa guru mumaindasitiri kubva pakugadzirwa kwegasi remaindasitiri ne biotechnology kusvika pakugadzirwa kwema semiconductor, aerospace, uye clean energy.

Dambudziko rinowanzoitika pakushandiswa uku kwese nderekuchengetedza tembiricha yakaderera zvakanyanya panguva yekutamiswa. Pasina insulation yakakwana, kupisa kubva munzvimbo yakapoteredza kunokurumidza kupinda musystem, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwechigadzirwa kuburikidza nekupfuta uye kuderedza kushanda zvakanaka kwese kwese.

Kuti vagadzirise dambudziko iri, zvivakwa zvakawanda zvemazuva ano zve cryogenic zvinoshandisa mapaipi e vacuum insulated (VIPs), anozivikanwawo se vacuum jacketed pipes. Masisitimu aya akagadzirirwa kuderedza kupisa uye kuona kuti cryogenic liquids inofambiswa zvakanaka uye yakavimbika.

Nei Cryogenic Liquid Transfer Ichida Specialized Piping

Zvinwiwa zvinopisa zvinochengetwa patembiricha iri pasi pemamiriro ekunze:

Nekuti musiyano wetembiricha pakati pemvura nenzvimbo yakapoteredza unowanzopfuura 200°C, kupisa kunoyerera musystem yekufambisa. Kunyangwe kupisa kushoma kunogona kukonzera kuti chikamu chemvura chiite mhute.

Izvi zvinogona kuguma ne:

• Gasi rinobuda muboil-off (BOG) rakawedzera
• Kurasikirwa kwechigadzirwa
• Kuchinja-chinja kwedzvinyiriro
• Mamiriro ekuyerera kwezvikamu zviviri
• Kuderera kwekushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro
• Mari yepamusoro yekushanda

Pakushandisa kunoda kutumirwa kwemvura kwakasimba, kudzivirira kupisa kunoshanda kwakakosha.

Mashandiro anoita Mapaipi Anoputira Vacuum

Pombi inoputirwa ne vacuum ine mapaipi maviri esimbi isina ngura.

Pombi yemukati inotakura mvura inoyerera, nepo pombi yekunze ichiumba jekete rekudzivirira. Pakati pepombi mbiri idzi pane nzvimbo ine vacuum yakawanda inoshanda sechidziviriro chinoshanda zvakanaka chekupisa.

Masisitimu mazhinji anoshanda zvakanyanya anosanganisirawo multilayer insulation (MLI) munzvimbo ye vacuum. Pamwe chete, vacuum neMLI zvinoderedza zvakanyanya marudzi ese ekupisa, kusanganisira conduction, convection, uye radiation.

Zvichienzaniswa nemapombi emazuva ano anoputirwa nefuro, mapaipi anoputirwa ne vacuum anoderedza kupisa zvakanyanya, zvichibatsira kuchengetedza mvura inoyerera ichigara yakagadzikana panguva yese yekufambisa.

Kutakurwa kweLNG Uchishandisa Mapaipi Anoputirwa neVacuum

Gasi Rechisikigo Rakanyungudika (LNG) rinowanzo chengetwa uye kutakurwa pa -162°C. Kuchengetedza tembiricha iyi kwakakosha pakuderedza kugadzirwa kwegasi rinobikira uye kuona kuti mashandiro aro anoshanda zvakanaka.

Munzvimbo dzeLNG, mapaipi anoputira vacuum anowanzo shandiswa pa:

• Kubatanidza matangi ekuchengetedza
• Masisitimu ekutakura zvinhu mumarori
• Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza zvikepe zvemugungwa
• Maskidhi ekutamisa LNG
• Zviteshi zvekugadzirisa gasi

Nekuderedza kupinda kwekupisa, mapaipi anovharwa ne vacuum anobatsira kuchengetedza LNG iri mumvura panguva yekurodha, kuburitsa, uye kugovera. Kuderera kwehuwandu hwemvura inofashaira kunobatsirawo mukuvandudza mashandiro ekushanda uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwechigadzirwa.

Mashandisirwo Ekutamisa Hydrogen Yemvura

Hydrogen yemvura inoyerera ndeimwe yemvura inoyerera yakaoma kubata nekuda kwekufashaira kwayo kwakaderera zvikuru kweinenge -253°C.

Mashandisirwo anosanganisira:

• Zvirimwa zvinonyungudutsa mvura yehydrogen
• Zvivako zvekutangisa ndege
• Zviteshi zvemafuta ehydrogen
• Marabhoritari ekutsvagisa
• Mapurojekiti ekugadzira zvivakwa zve hydrogen zvakasvibira

Nekuti mamorekuru ehydrogen madiki zvikuru uye anofamba zvakanyanya, kuchengetedza mashandiro ekudzivirira kupisa kwakakosha zvikuru. Mapaipi anoputira mvura anobatsira kuderedza kubuda kwekupisa uye kuderedza kupwa kwemvura, zvichiita kuti ave mhinduro inofarirwa kune masisitimu ekufambisa hydrogen mumvura.

Magadzirirwo epamusoro anowanzo sanganisira multilayer insulation, zvivakwa zvekutsigira zvine hunyanzvi, uye vacuum levels inodzorwa nekungwarira kuti iwane kushanda kwekupisa kunodiwa.

Mashandisirwo Ekutumira Nitrogen Yemvura

Nitrogen yemvura inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana, anosanganisira:

• Kugadzira semiconductor
• Biotechnology nesainzi yehupenyu
• Kugadzirwa kwemishonga
• Kugadzira chikafu uye kuomesa nechando
• Kugoverwa kwegasi remaindasitiri

Munzvimbo idzi, mapaipi anovharwa ne vacuum insulated anotakura LN₂ kubva kumatangi ekuchengetera zvinhu zvakawanda kuenda kunzvimbo dzemidziyo nenzvimbo dzekugadzirisa zvinhu mufekitori yese.

Kushandiswa kwemaitiro eVIP kunobatsira:

• Chengetedza kutumirwa kwemvura kwakasimba
• Deredza kushandiswa kwenitrogen
• Kuvandudza kuenderana kwemaitiro
• Mari shoma yekushandisa
• Deredza kuumbwa kwechando uye zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa

Kune zvivako zvikuru zve semiconductor, mapaipi anovharwa ne vacuum anowanzo tambanuka mazana emamita kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti nitrogen yemvura yakachena yagara iripo.

Zvikamu zveSisitimu Yekutamisa Cryogenic Yakazara

Network yekufambisa cryogenic inosanganisira zvinopfuura kungoisa pombi dzakadzivirirwa. Zvichienderana nekushandisa, sisitimu iyi inogonawo kusanganisira:

• Mavharuvhu ekudzivirira vharuvhu
• Mapombi anochinjika evacuum
• Zvikamu zvinoparadzanisa
• Midziyo yekudzora kumanikidzwa
• Majoini ekuwedzera
• Zvishandiso zvekutarisa vacuum
• Masisitimu ekugadzirisa akasimba e vacuum

Zvinhu izvi zvinoshanda pamwe chete kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti mashandiro azvo anoshanda zvakanaka, mamiriro ekuyerera akasimba, uye kuvimbika kwenguva refu.

Mabhenefiti eMapaipi Anoputirwa neVacuum

Mapaipi anoputira vacuum ave nzira inonyanya kufarirwa yekufambisa mvura ine cryogenic nekuti ane mabhenefiti akakosha:

Kudzikira Kwekupisa Kunobuda

Nzvimbo yekuputira mvura inopa kudzivirira kupisa kwakanaka, zvichiita kuti kupisa kusanyanya kubva munzvimbo yakapoteredza.

Kurasikirwa Kwechigadzirwa Chishoma

Kudzikira kwekupisa kunoreva kushoma kwekupfungaira kwemhepo uye kudzikira kwehuwandu hwekufashaira kwemvura.

Kugadzikana Kwemaitiro Kwakavandudzwa

Kuchengetedza mvura inoyerera ichiramba iri muchikamu chimwe chete kunobatsira kuona kuti kumanikidzwa kwayo uye kuyerera kwayo kwakasimba.

Kuwedzera Kushanda Nesimba

Kurasikirwa kushoma kwechigadzirwa kunoreva kudzikira kwemari yekushandisa uye kuvandudzwa kwekushanda zvakanaka kwesystem.

Kuvimbika Kwenguva Refu

Mapaipi akagadzirwa zvakanaka anopa simba rekupisa rinogara richishandiswa kwemakore mazhinji.

Mhedziso

Kutakurwa kwakachengeteka uye kwakanaka kwezvinwiwa zvine cryogenic kunoenderana nekuderedza kutamiswa kwekupisa mukati mekutamiswa kwechinhu. Kungave kubata LNG, nitrogen yemvura, oxygen yemvura, kana hydrogen yemvura, kuchengetedza tembiricha yakaderera kwakakosha kuchengetedza mhando yechigadzirwa uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwekushanda.

Mapaipi anoputirwa ne vacuum ave ndiwo akajairika muindasitiri nekuti anopa kushanda kwakanaka kwekupisa, mwero wakaderera wekufashaira kwemvura, kushanda zvakanaka kuri nani, uye kushanda kwenguva refu kwakavimbika. Sezvo kudiwa kwekushandiswa kwe cryogenic kuri kuramba kuchikura muzvikamu zvesimba, gasi remaindasitiri, biotechnology, uye semiconductor, tekinoroji yemapaipi anoputirwa ne vacuum icharamba iri chikamu chakakosha chezvivakwa zvemazuva ano zve cryogenic.